2018年12月大学英语四六级作文试题评析（二）

四级
　　Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the challenges of living in a big city. You should write at least 120 words but no more than 180 words.
　　这道四级作文试题要求考生论述生活在大城市的挑战。为了使论述具有说服力，我们在立论时要避免偏激。比如，虽然本文的重点在于阐述生活在大城市的各种挑战，但同时我们也要承认生活在大城市有其优点，否则就有失公允。
　　本文可以写成三个段落。引言段引出本文的话题，先指出许多大学生希望自己毕业后能留在大城市工作和生活，然后承认生活在大城市确实有很多好处，最后指出生活在大城市也不乏挑战。主体段详细阐述生活在大城市的各种挑战。与生活在乡下相比，生活在大城市确实有很多挑战，如房价高昂、交通拥堵、竞争激烈、犯罪率高、人情冷漠、工作压力大、空气质量差等，但我们在阐述时不妨从大学毕业生的视角，选择与大学毕业生的工作和生活关系最密切的方面来谈。比如，我们可以从以下两个方面分析生活在大城市的挑战：生活成本高;交通拥堵。这两个方面都要略作展开，以使主体段的论述丰满详实。比如，我们在分析生活成本高时，不妨以房价为例，指出北京、上海、深圳这种大城市的房价高得离谱，上班族租房已经不易，遑论买房。在阐述交通拥堵时，我们不妨进入细节，指出在大城市里公交车如蜗牛爬行，地铁挤得水泄不通，这样可以给读者以具体可感的形象。下面请看范文：
　　Now many college students dream of settling down in big cities after graduation. Sure， there are many advantages to living in a big city， such as better jobs and easier access to public services. But urban life is not without challenges.
　　First， cost-of-living is sky-high. For instance， houses are outrageously expensive in such metropolises as Beijing， Shanghai and Shenzhen. Renting a decent flat in such cities already costs you an arm and a leg， let alone buying one. Second， traffic is always a nightmare. It is not unusual for you to get stuck in a traffic jam for half an hour on your way to work or back home. If you think you can avail yourself of the public transportation system， you will have to choose between crawling along in buses and being packed like sardines on subway trains.
　　In a word， there are significant challenges of living in a big city despite its benefits. Therefore， you have to weigh up the pros and cons before deciding whether to live in a metropolis. （173 words）
　　語言亮点借鉴：
　　1. Sure， there are many advantages to living in a big city， such as better jobs and easier access to public services. 诚然，住在大城市里有许多好处，比如工作更好，使用公共服务更方便。sure诚然，表示让步，后面一般有but与之相呼应。
　　2. But urban life is not without challenges.但是城市生活并非没有挑战。
　　3. Renting a decent flat in such cities already costs you an arm and a leg， let alone buying one.在这样的大城市里租一套像样的房子已经花费巨大，更不用说买一套房子了。already已经。用于强调情况或问题已经存在。an arm and a leg巨额花费。let alone更不用说。
　　4. It is not unusual for you to get stuck in a traffic jam for half an hour on your way to work or back home. 你经常会在上班或下班的路上被堵上半个小时。本句是一个双重否定句，表示强烈的肯定。
　　5. If you think you can avail yourself of the public transportation system， you will have to choose between crawling along in buses and being packed like sardines on subway trains.如果你认为你可以乘公交，你将不得不或者在公交车上缓慢移动，或者在地铁上被挤得像沙丁鱼。avail oneself of利用。be packed like sardines被挤得像罐头里的沙丁鱼。

6. Therefore， you have to weigh up the pros and cons before deciding whether to live in a metropolis.因而，你得先权衡利弊再决定是否住在大城市里。weigh up the pros and cons权衡利弊。
　　六级
　　Directions： For this part， you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on how to balance academic study and extracurricular activities. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.
　　2018年12月大学英语六级考试的三道作文试题都属于解决问题型作文。此类型作文的特点是题目中一般含有how to，即要求考生阐述如何解决某个问题。这种类型的作文更接近于说明文，议论的成分不多。以本题为例，它要求考生阐述如何在学习和课外活动之间保持平衡。由于这道题密切联系大学生的校园生活，考生都应该有话可说。
　　这篇作文可以写成三个段落。引言段先指出如今大学都提供丰富多彩的课外活动，此为引出话题。然后指出如果你觉得难以平衡学习与课外活动，下面的这些建议可能对你有用。主体段提出一些平衡学习与课外活动的具体建议。这一段可以从两个方面展开。首先，每天要留出大量的时间用于学习，因为平均分对于申请奖学金和找到好工作都关系重大。其次，精选几个课外活动。虽然课外活动能让人精神放松和恢复活力，还能培养团队精神和领导能力，但不可贪多。所以宜选择几个自己真正喜欢并对自己未来的成功有帮助的课外活动。
　　本文的结尾段可以用建议法结尾：先承认找到学习与课外活动之间的平衡确实是一个不小的挑战，然后指出时间管理是在大学里必须学会的一项技能，因为它对学生的学业和未来事业的成功都至关重要。下面请看范文：
　　Most universities now offer a wide variety of extracurricular activities， from music， drama， sports to academic clubs. If you find it hard to strike a balance between academic study and extracurricular activities， the following tips may be useful.
　　First， set aside a chunk of your time each day for academics. Never allow your schoolwork to suffer， for it is your grade point average that makes all the difference in your application for scholarships and a decent job. Second， choose the right few activities. Aside from relaxing and refreshing you， extracurricular activities help cultivate team spirit and improve your leadership. But be that as it may， never have too much on your plate. Instead of getting involved in multiple activities， stick to just a few which you are really passionate about and which will help you on your way to success.
　　It is true enough that finding the right balance between schoolwork and extracurricular activities is quite a challenge， but time management is one of the most important skills you must learn at university， for it is essential to your success on campus and in future career. （186 words）
　　语言亮点借鉴：
　　1. If you find it hard to strike a balance between academic study and extracurricular activities， the following tips may be useful.如果你觉得难以在学习和课外活动之间保持平衡，下面这些建议可能对你有用。find 觉得。作词义时，后面一般有形容词作宾语补足语。strike a balance between A and B在A和B之间保持平衡。
　　2. First， set aside a chunk of your time each day for academics.首先，每天留出大部分时间用于学习。set aside留出。a chunk of大部分。
　　3. Never allow your schoolwork to suffer， for it is your grade point average that makes all the difference in your application for scholarships and a decent job.絕不要让你的学业变差，因为你的年级平均成绩对申请奖学金和找到一份体面的工作关系重大。suffer变糟，变差。make all the difference关系重大，大不相同。
　　4. Aside from relaxing and refreshing you， extracurricular activities help cultivate team spirit and improve your leadership. 除了让你身体放松、精力恢复之外，课外活动还有助于培养团队精神和增强你的领导能力。aside from除了……（还）。team spirit团队精神，合作精神。
　　5. But be that as it may， never have too much on your plate.但是尽管那样，绝不要贪多。be that as it may尽管那样。
　　6. It is true enough that finding the right balance between schoolwork and extracurricular activities is quite a challenge.诚然，在学习和课外活动之间找到平衡确实是一个挑战。true enough诚然，表示让步，下文一般有but或however与之相呼应。quite a很，相当。